Innovating Surgical Training for Global Impact: A Low-Cost, Reusable Cricothyroidotomy Simulator for Capacity Building in Resource-Limited Settings

Innovating Surgical Training for Global Impact: A Low-Cost, Reusable Cricothyroidotomy Simulator for Capacity Building in Resource-Limited Settings

Ojasvi Sharma , Thomas Khairy, Ryan Kara, Arjun Gupta
Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

Background: Cricothyroidotomy is a lifesaving emergency procedure for managing airway obstruction. However, training opportunities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are limited by the high cost and complexity of existing simulation models. Recognizing this gap, we designed a cost-effective, sustainable, and easily reproducible cricothyroidotomy simulation model tailored for surgical skills training in LMICs.
Methods: The simulator was designed using only affordable, globally accessible materials, namely medical gloves, bandages, cardboard, and duct tape. Weighing only 2 lbs, it accurately replicates anatomical landmarks such as skin, soft tissue, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, and the cricothyroid membrane. Step-by-step assembly instructions were developed to facilitate easy reproduction, and its modular design allows for rapid replacement of components, minimizing both cost and downtime between training sessions.
Results: The simulator can be assembled in under five minutes at an initial cost of $1.84 USD, with a reuse cost of $0.85 USD per training session. Trauma surgeons validated its anatomical fidelity based on reliable landmark identification and successful procedural simulations. Learners were able to repeatedly perform incisions, confirm airway entry digitally, and insert airway tubes. The design reduces waiting time between simulations by 80%, improving training throughput.
Conclusion: This low-cost, reusable cricothyroidotomy simulator addresses disparities in surgical training in LMICs. By equipping medical trainees with life-saving airway management skills, we offer a practical, economical, and sustainable tool to enhance trauma care and improve patient outcomes globally.

Keywords: global surgery, training model, cricothyroidotomy, surgical education, innovation, capacity building, emergency airway, simulator